Prostate disease is one of the most common and insidious diseases affecting men over 40 years of age.At first, patients may not even realize there is a problem, but over time the symptoms make themselves felt.If a doctor is not consulted in time, prostatitis becomes chronic and complications may arise.Depending on the severity, cause and nature of the course, different types of prostatitis are distinguished.
Types of prostatitis according to the way it appears:
- spicy;
- chronic;
- latent.
What type of prostatitis occurs due to:
- herpetic;
- bacterial;
- calculating;
- stagnant;
- infectious;
- purulent;
- chlamydia;
- fungus;
- gonorrhea;
- fibrous.
Classification
Faced with such an unpleasant disease of the genitourinary system as inflammation of the prostate, many men wonder why prostatitis arose.
Understanding the etiology of the disease helps make an accurate diagnosis and promotes effective prevention.
According to the form of flow.
According to the form of its course, prostatitis is divided into acute, chronic and latent, among which catarrhal, follicular and parenchymal (purulent) are distinguished.
The following forms of the disease are distinguished:
- With catarrhal prostatitis, the male body experiences urination disorders and discomfort in the pubic area.This is the most common type of acute prostatitis.
- Follicular prostatitis is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the groin or anus, increased body temperature, and severe urinary problems (dysuria).In a more advanced form, when the patient postpones visiting the doctor, acute pain occurs during urination and urinary retention occurs.
- Parenchymal prostatitis: an abscess with purulent contents forms in the body of the prostate gland.In this case, fever appears, sharp pain appears with frequent urge to urinate.The temperature rises to 39-40 °C, the act of defecation becomes almost impossible.
acute prostatitis
Acute prostatitis is a condition in which there is inflammation of the prostate gland, which occurs in a short time and is characterized by various symptoms.Swelling of the gland occurs, caused by the negative effects of pathogenic microflora.Pathogenic bacteria alter the integrity of the tissues and cause constant discomfort in the pelvic area even at rest.
There are several preferential ways in which the infection enters the prostate gland:
- for inflammation of the rectum - lymphogenic pathway;
- after infectious diseases - hematogenous;
- directly through the urethra - canalicular.
Excessive accumulation of content in the prostate creates excellent conditions for the proliferation of bacteria, which causes various complications:
- abscess;
- prostate adenoma;
- prostate cancer;
- loss of power;
- sterility.
The symptoms of prostatitis are so painful that the patient is forced to urgently consult a doctor for help.If this is not done in time, prostatitis will become chronic, which is much more difficult to cure.Antibacterial therapy in combination with drugs that strengthen the immune system effectively fights the disease.
chronic prostatitis
The symptoms of chronic prostatitis are usually detected against the background of congestion in the prostate gland, as a result of an acute untreated disease.It usually occurs in men over 50 years of age who have not sought help and self-medicate.Many of them experienced complications due to concomitant diseases.In addition, at this age not everyone is sexually active enough, so the secretion thickens and stagnates in the prostate, causing dysfunction.Interrupted sexual relations also cause fluid stagnation.According to modern research, about 40% of people who experience symptoms of chronic prostatitis experience erection problems.
Chronic prostatitis usually has mild symptoms that appear only during an exacerbation.Patients report dull pain in the groin area, which intensifies after exercise and at the end of the day.Often the pain radiates to the lower back, scrotum and perineum.Frequent urination is noted, especially at night, the flow is intermittent and the flow is crooked.
Sexual intercourse becomes less prolonged, an incomplete erection is noted, and sometimes pain occurs in the head of the penis.Infertility is usually found in people with chronic prostatitis;Impotence practically does not occur at this stage of the disease.Sometimes there is a change in the color of the genital organs;Due to inadequate blood circulation, they turn purple.
Each of the symptoms of prostatitis intensifies if left untreated.The condition is similar to the manifestations during the acute course of the disease.Weakened immunity, stress, abandonment of diet, bad habits - all this leads to exacerbation and worsening of the condition.
Often, the chronic form provokes the appearance of symptoms of diseases such as cystitis, kidney disease and adenoma.Increases the risk of urolithiasis and the formation of a malignant tumor.Often, the pathological process is practically asymptomatic and is discovered completely accidentally during laboratory tests associated with another disease.
Due to the occurrence
There are many reasons that cause the development of prostatitis of infectious and non-infectious etiology, as well as predisposing factors.By its appearance, the following types of prostatitis are distinguished:
- bacterial;
- calculating;
- stagnant;
- infectious;
- purulent.
A sedentary lifestyle, frequent hypothermia, infrequent sexual activity, interrupted sexual relations, smoking, alcohol abuse, stressful situations - all these circumstances affect the stagnation of secretions in the vessels of the prostate gland and in the vessels located next to it.Prostatitis is classified in several ways depending on the reasons for its appearance.
bacterial prostatitis
Bacterial prostatitis is caused by bacteria that enter the prostate gland in various ways.It can be a type of bacteria or a group of them.The disease can be caused by:
- fungus;
- gonococci;
- Koch stick;
- chlamydia;
- several types of bacteria at the same time.
The inflammatory process is most often associated with the penetration of bacteria caused by sexually transmitted diseases into the prostate gland.Chaotic sexual relations with frequent changes of partners and without the use of protection cause diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia and fungal infections.Also, the development of pathology is facilitated by a decrease in immunity due to interruption of work and rest.Bad habits such as smoking, drinking alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, etc.They also reduce immunity.
The most obvious symptoms accompanying bacterial prostatitis include burning, pain, and cloudy discharge when urinating.The smell of urine is unpleasant.General symptoms accompanying poisoning are observed: dizziness, weakness, nausea, fever.There is pain during ejaculation and sometimes there is blood.With chronic bacterial prostatitis, urination becomes more frequent, and yellowish or greenish discharge appears from the genitals.
calculous prostatitis
With calculous prostatitis, stones form in the ducts of the prostate gland.This form of the disease is very complex and is accompanied by severe pain.The conglomerates have diverse origins: phosphates, oxalates, with a predominance of calcium and proteins.
There are two reasons for the formation of stones in the ducts: stagnation of the contents of the gland and reflux of urine into the prostate.
Stagnation is associated with various factors that interfere with the normal outflow of the secreted fluid.Prolonged sexual abstinence, hyperplasia, the presence of a tumor that closes the ducts and a sedentary lifestyle cause stagnation of secretions and alterations of the vascular and lymphatic systems.
Urinary reflux is caused by a malfunction of the sphincter, which relaxes and urine flows in and out.The presence of stones and sand in the bladder contributes to the development of stones in the prostatic ducts.They are transported there with urine, settle and continue to grow, eventually reducing output.Sphincter dysfunction can be caused by genital injuries and surgical interventions.
At first, the calculous form of prostatitis is asymptomatic;As the stones grow, symptoms appear and increase.There is pain in the lower abdomen or scrotum, which radiates to the buttocks and lower back.Pain at rest is not observed and occurs only during physical activity, defecation and urination, as well as during sexual intercourse and walking.
Large stones with sharp edges damage the canal during their movement, which causes not only pain, but also the release of blood in urine and ejaculation.Stone wounds can easily become infected and then calculous prostatitis becomes infectious.
After about a month, with calculous prostatitis, the functioning of the entire body is disturbed, the person feels unwell, experiences insomnia, increased fatigue and irritability.
In the advanced stages of the calculous form of prostatitis, after a complete diagnostic examination, medications are prescribed and surgical treatment is performed to remove the conglomerates.
congestive prostatitis
Stagnant type of prostatitis occurs due to retention of secretions in the prostate gland.Most often, these problems are observed in men with sedentary work who do not play sports.As a result of physical inactivity, blood circulation in the pelvic organs is impaired, the prostate suffers from a lack of oxygen and nutrients, stagnation and inflammation occur.If nothing is done, the disease becomes chronic and causes great discomfort.
Congestive prostatitis is caused by an irregular sexual life or its complete absence.In this case, men should free the gland from secretion on their own, but do not overdo it, since regular masturbation can cause damage due to incomplete ejaculation.Many spouses have found for themselves a method of preventing pregnancy, such as stopping sexual relations.This also leads to incomplete ejaculation and the development of inflammation.
Sometimes the provoking factor is hypothermia or varicose veins.Abnormalities in the structure of the prostate can also cause stagnation.Regular overheating of the pelvic area and constant constipation negatively affect the production of secretions.Depending on the factors provoking the disease, there are several types of congestive prostatitis.
- Venous prostatitis.It occurs in people who suffer from varicose veins of the lower extremities.This disease affects all pelvic organs due to inadequate blood circulation.
- Congestive.It develops with partial emptying of the prostate gland.Gradual overflow leads to stagnation.
- Chronic.It develops when an incorrect lifestyle has become a habit.If nothing is done to change the situation, the disease becomes chronic.It occurs most often in single men suffering from obesity already in adulthood, when the anamnesis is complicated by concomitant diseases.At this stage, the prostate often increases in size, which is easy to determine by examination.
- Infectious.It adds to an existing inflammation of the prostate when an infection enters the genitourinary system.
The symptoms of prostatitis that appear are caused by difficulty urinating, pain in the groin, straining during defecation, and weakened sexual activity.As a result of these symptoms, with congestive types of prostatitis, poor health occurs, irritability develops, performance is reduced, and sleep is disturbed.
infectious prostatitis
Microorganisms that can provoke the appearance of signs of acute prostatitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Eltirococcus, Klebsiella.There are bacteria that are constantly in the body, but in a dormant state they do not cause inflammatory processes.Penetrating through the urethra to the mucous membrane of the prostate, the process of development and reproduction of microorganisms begins, resulting in inflammation.Indiscriminate and unprotected sex also allows harmful bacteria to enter the body.
Characteristic symptoms are pain in the scrotum, perineum, lower abdomen, lower back, pain and burning in the pelvis.Difficulty urinating, acute urinary retention occurs.In addition to the listed symptoms accompanying the infectious type of prostatitis, constipation, discharge from the urethra, hemospermia, and pain during ejaculation may occur.
This is a dangerous disease that, even in the early stages, can lead to infection of the sexual partner, lead to general blood poisoning or the development of pyelonephritis and cystitis.
purulent prostatitis
Purulent prostatitis usually develops when a bacterial infection enters the prostate.The disease occurs in four stages.
- Catarrhal.It develops after suffering from an acute respiratory viral infection, sore throat, or influenza.There is purulent content in the urine.There is a burning sensation when the bladder is empty.Patients notice a weakening of potency.The process that accompanies this type of prostatitis involves the superficial tissues of the prostate.
- Focal.The process extends to glandular tissue.The ducts swell, the outflow is disturbed.The gland increases in size due to the accumulation of pus in it, which is released with urine.Body temperature increases.
- Parenchymatous.The connective tissue intervenes in the process, the swelling increases even more and the temperature can reach 40 °C.The stabbing pain in the anus does not give rest and a false need to defecate is felt.
- Abscesses.The most insidious form of prostatitis.The temperature drops greatly, there is abundant presence of pus and unbearable pain.This stage can be complicated by peritonitis and can be fatal.
Purulent prostatitis can be complicated by symptoms and diseases such as paraproctitis, paracystitis, abscesses and sepsis.Typically, these pathologies are treated surgically and involve the removal of purulent pockets.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of types of prostatitis is not particularly difficult and begins with collecting a history, which helps to more accurately understand the picture of the disease.A rectal examination is then performed, during which the size of the gland is determined, the nature of the pain is determined, and the presence of swelling and induration is detected.
To make a correct diagnosis, laboratory tests are prescribed:
- urine test;
- urine culture with AB sensitivity test;
- general blood test;
- prostate secretion analysis;
- biochemical blood test;
- rectal exam.
Additional diagnostics include instrumental research methods.First, an ultrasound is performed;if necessary, MRI and TRUS are additionally prescribed.Relatively recently, a new PET examination method appeared;It is considered the most informative.
Inflammation treatment
Urologists treat all types of prostatitis.Traditional methods are good, but only under medical prescription and with the permission of the treating doctor.
You must first find out the cause that caused the disease and only then can symptomatic treatment be carried out.
- Active antibacterial therapy helps to cure prostatitis.Parenteral administration of antibiotics is the most effective.
- For severe pain, analgesics and diuretics are indicated.
- For constipation, laxatives are prescribed.
- For severe pain and difficulty urinating, novocaine blocks are placed.
- A course of vitamin therapy and immunocorrectors is indicated.
- It is worth following a special diet that excludes spicy, salty and smoked foods.
- Bed rest is prescribed.
Local procedures include sitz baths with water two degrees warmer than body temperature.Enemas are made from a decoction of anti-inflammatory herbs with the addition of 1% anesthetic, while the contents are slowly introduced into the intestines and left there as long as the patient can endure it.
Physiotherapeutic treatment also has a beneficial effect on restoring prostate function.Prostate massage is prohibited in acute prostatitis, but is recommended in chronic prostatitis.To restore metabolism, normal blood circulation and relieve swelling, UHF and microwave are prescribed.
If urination is delayed for a long time, a catheter is installed.In some stages of the disease, surgical treatment is indicated to open the purulent sacs and install drainage.
Treatment of acute prostatitis lasts from several weeks to a month.A favorable result is generally observed.If the disease has become complicated or has reached a chronic phase, the process will be complex, long and can last several months.
Restriction of sexual activity and the use of personal protective equipment is indicated during treatment.
A physiotherapeutic medical device helps to cure prostatitis.Effectively eliminates the symptoms of prostatitis, can restore reduced sexual activity, eliminates pain, relieves swelling and inflammation.The device can be used at home both for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the pelvic organs.
The device will relieve muscle tension, improve sperm production, strengthen blood vessels and prevent the development of other possible diseases in the pelvis.The device, which is used to treat prostatitis in men, is easy to use, is equipped with a regulator for heating and vibration modes and is powered by mains electricity.Compact dimensions allow you to use the device in any conditions.
How to prevent the development of the disease?
Preventing various types of prostatitis, like any other disease, involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding bad habits and eating a balanced diet.If you have been diagnosed with prostatitis, you should not neglect exercise.If any outbreak of inflammation occurs, a doctor should be consulted immediately to eliminate the cause and prevent the infection from spreading to other organs.
You should lead a decent lifestyle and have regular sexual relations with a regular partner.It is important not to forget about personal hygiene of the genital organs and not to neglect periodic preventive examinations carried out by a urologist.If a man knows what prostatitis can be and at the same time leads a passive lifestyle, he needs to do exercises that prevent the appearance of congestion in the pelvis.
let's summarize it
Depending on the causes and characteristics of the course, acute and chronic types of prostatitis are diagnosed.A separate group includes chronic pelvic pain syndrome.Acute prostatitis is characterized by clinical manifestations such as chills, fever and pain.The chronic form may not manifest itself in any way or have a vague picture: difficulty urinating, pain in the pelvic area, which, as complications develop, can lead to impotence and loss of fertility.
Acute prostatitis develops suddenly and is easily diagnosed.On the contrary, chronic prostatitis occurs in waves, alternating periods of remission and exacerbation.In chronic cases, the identification of pathogenic microbes may present certain difficulties.Foci of infection arising in the genitourinary system cause complications in the form of diseases of the organs anatomically adjacent to the prostate.Depending on the type of prostatitis that has been diagnosed, the urologist prescribes a differentiated treatment regimen.